Free GMAT Integrated Reasoning Practice Test

Read the below passage and answer the following question: Communication is a key to success for various transformational projects that an organization undertakes. What does regular communication ensure to employees?

Tab-1

Employees around the world are reporting that big organizational changes are affecting their jobs. From leadership transitions and restructurings to mergers and acquisitions, to regulatory changes, there seems to be constant unrest in the workforce. But according to one survey of more than half a million U.S. employees, almost one-third don’t understand why these changes are happening.

This can be detrimental for any company trying to implement change. When employees don’t understand why changes are happening, it can be a barrier to driving ownership and commitment and can even result in resistance or push back. And employees’ resistance to change is a leading factor for why so many change transformations fail.

Tab-2

There are four key aspects to helping employees understand change, to drive commitment, and to ultimately contribute to your success.

Inspire people by presenting a compelling vision for the future. During times of uncertainty, people experiencing change want a clear view of the path ahead. It’s important to share what you know – including what’s changing, when, and how. But for most change initiatives, it is also helpful to start with a narrative or story that clearly articulates the “big picture” – why change is important and how it will positively affect the organization long-term. This should serve as the foundation for how you communicate about the change moving forward.

Keep employees informed by providing regular communications. Change communications is never a one-and-done event; keeping employees informed is something that you will have to do throughout every step of the change process. Studies have found that continual communication is a leading factor in a transformation’s success.

Tab-3

Empower leaders and managers to lead through change. Major changes or transformations often require asking employees to adopt specific behaviors or skill-sets in order to be successful. And when senior leaders model the behavior changes, transformations are five times more likely to be successful.

Find creative ways to involve employees in the change. When planning for major change events, it is important to solicit feedback and engage people in the process. This helps build ownership in the change and makes employees more likely to support the change and even champion it.

Read the passage below and answer the following question: The application of text analytics might not always get the best and accurate result for departments. Select the most likely reason for inaccuracy in the outcome.

Tab-1

While text analytics has become common on Wall Street, it has not yet been widely used to assess the words written by employees at work. Many firms are sensitive about intruding too much on privacy, though courts have held that employees have virtually no expectation of privacy at work, particularly if they’ve been given notice that their correspondence may be monitored. Yet as language analytics improves, companies may have a hard time resisting the urge to mine employee information.

One obvious application of language analysis is as a tool for human-resources departments. HR teams have their own, old-fashioned ways of keeping tabs on employee morale, but people aren’t necessarily honest when asked about their work, even in anonymous surveys. Our grammar, syntax, and word choices might betray more about how we really feel.

Tab-2

Habolt, a data-analytics firm, gets hired by various companies to analyze their employees’ emails. Habolt doesn’t read the emails, exactly—its software focuses on word patterns and their context. The software then assigns the body of messages a numerical index that purports to measure the level of employee “engagement.” When workers are feeling positive and engaged, the number is high; when they are disengaged or expressing negative emotions like tension, the number is low.

Tab-3

Text analytics has become especially popular in financial organizations. Investment banks and hedge funds scour public filings, corporate press releases, and statements by executives to find slight changes in language that might indicate whether a company’s stock price is likely to go up or down; Goldman Sachs calls this kind of natural-language processing “a critical tool for tomorrow’s investors.” Specialty-research firms use artificial intelligence algorithms to derive insights from earnings-call transcripts, broker research, and news stories.

Read the passage below and answer the following question: In 2018, Flight-related Carbon dioxide emissions originating from China were?

Tab-1

Greenhouse gas emissions from commercial air travel are growing at a faster clip than predicted in previous, already dire, projections, according to new research — putting pressure on airline regulators to take stronger action as they prepare for the annual 2019 summit.

The United Nations aviation body forecasts that airplane emissions of carbon dioxide, a major greenhouse gas, will reach just over 900 million metric tons in 2019, and then triple by 2050.

Tab-2

The International Council on Clean Transportation found that emissions from global air travel may be increasing more than 1.5 times as fast as the U.N. estimate. The researchers analyzed nearly 40 million flights around the world last year.

“Airlines, for all intents and purposes, are becoming more fuel-efficient. But we’re seeing demand outstrip any of that,” said Brandon Graver, who led the new study. “The climate challenge for aviation is worse than anyone expected.”

Tab-3

Underlying the growth in aviation emissions is the rapid expansion of air travel worldwide, propelled by a proliferation of low-cost airlines and a booming tourism industry catering to a growing middle class.

A separate study released this week by the industry group Airports Council International found that the world’s fastest-growing airports were in emerging economies; 12 of the top 30 were in either China or India.

In 2018, the new data from the clean transportation council found that flights from airports in the United States were responsible for almost one-quarter of global passenger flight-related carbon dioxide emissions. China was the next biggest source of passenger aviation emissions, followed by the United Kingdom, Japan, and Germany; the lowest-income countries that contain half the world’s population accounted for only 10 percent of all emissions.

Answer the following:

Tab-1

Most of today’s jobs will not be here tomorrow. The World Economic Forum (WEF) predicts that 65 percent of children entering primary school today will ultimately end up working in completely new job types that don’t exist today.

Tab-2

In a recent Deloitte survey of more than 11,000 business leaders, 61 percent of respondents said they were actively redesigning jobs around artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, and new business models.

The prevalence of automation, as well as machines working alongside humans, is increasing in government too. According to the US Office of Personnel Management, almost one-half of government agencies’ workloads could be automated, and close to two-thirds of federal employees could see their workloads reduced by as much as 30 percent.

Tab-3

It is imperative to focus not only on how humans and machines can best collaborate at work but also how that collaboration can enable better work processes and create more value.

Although there are many ways in which humans and machines can work together, we typically identify the human as the supervisor or the primary worker. This view can be limiting. Machines work for us, with us, and sometimes they even help guide us.

To harness the real potential of the human-machine partnership in the workplace, we should consider the full spectrum of possibilities. Machines are already taking on a wide range of routine, manual tasks. When this lower-value, tedious work is automated, opportunities are created to reduce cost and redeploy staff to more valuable activities. For instance, the Food and Drug Administration’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (FDACDER) uses robotic process automation (RPA) in its drug application intake process. This slashed application processing time by 93 percent, eliminated 5,200 hours of manual labor, and saved labor cost of approximately $500,000 annually.

Question: According to the information provided, the cost of manual labor per hour for FDACDER’s drug application intake process is

Stephanie is four times the age of her son Ricky. After 5 years, Stephanie would be three times the age of Ricky. Find the current age of Stephanie and Ricky.